I think we are close to an answer, but it is not a good one for you.
1.) The problem with SD recognition was characteristic of the original Build 652 you have loaded on the HPlus itself and the C23. Did you try either of the SanDisk cards before the update attempt?
2.) The update failure is a very common first symptom of a failing ribbon in the C23. All other functions seem normal, but the camera will not perform updates normally.
Unfortunately, there is a lot more to the story. If the ribbon is actually the culprit, you are currently stuck with build 652 on the drone. That is a dangerous mismatch with having Build 822 on the controller. The controller (on Build 822) will attempt to use "redundant flight control", meaning drone control periodically shifts to the camera instead of the drone reciever. The drone (on Build 652) is not capable of redundant flight control. This mismatch will result in periodic loss of drone control while in flight.
You need to decide which way to go. Some choices might include:
1.) Return the controller to Build 652, and simply find SD cards that the camera will accept.
2.) Use the working SD card and attempt the update a couple more times. Another symptom of the ribbon failure is that the failure is often intermittent. It may work the next time. Or it may make things worse.
3.) Send the camera for repair.